This chapter focuses on how the problems of economic development were addressed by the Portuguese historiography of the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The ensuing discussion benefits from the simultaneous consideration of two historiographical domains that complement each other:...

If a short list of keywords had to be proposed in order to explain why John Stuart Mill (1806-1873) was a great liberal thinker, it would certainly include utility, liberty, and equality. These concepts express his view of liberalism, which lies between classical liberalism and a social, if not...

There is a familiar way to appeal to Adam Smith (1723-1790), the famous philosopher and great economic thinker of the Scottish Enlightenment. He is often considered as the father of modern economics and capitalism. We must also consider the frequent references to him. "What would Adam Smith...

If there is one economist of the twentieth century whose ideas speak to us today, it is Joseph Alois Schumpeter (1883-1950). Looking at the number of articles and books quoting his name, it seems that researchers and analysts have recently rediscovered Schumpeter and his work.