Foucault, Thierry; Kozhan, Roman; Tham, Wing Wah - 2015
Short lived arbitrage opportunities arise when prices adjust with a lag to new information. They are toxic because they … expose dealers to the risk of trading at stale quotes. Hence, theory implies that more frequent toxic arbitrage opportunities … triangular arbitrage. As predicted, illiquidity is higher on days when the fraction of toxic arbitrage opportunities and …