Using the Agricultural Census 2003 and the Rice Household Survey 2008 for Indonesia, this paper analyzes the … distribution of benefits from fertilizer subsidies and their impact on rice production. The findings suggest that most farmers … benefit from fertilizer subsidies; however, the 40 percent largest farmers capture up to 60 percent of the subsidy. The …

study finds evidence of displacement of private fertilizer sales yet no elite capture. The impacts of the ISP on …