In this article we have adapted productivity analysis to the case of a cost model using a quadratic cost function and discrete data. The main theoretical result is a productivity index that can be decomposed into modified versions of the contribution of technical change and the effect of the...

Values of travel time enter the appraisal scheme both as values for modelling and forecasting and as values for use within project evaluation. This paper considers whether and how travel time values should be used within evaluation. The basic theories of private and social travel time valuation...