This paper explores the implications of setting a minimum ratification level on an international agreement to tackle the greenhouse effect. Several aspects of the ratification level are considered, including the threshold number of signatories required to affect agreement, the potential number...

This paper investigates the extent to which the supply of collateral affects business formation in the United Kingdom. Bank loans are typically secured on the entrepreneur's house. Using a variety of data and formulations, evidence is found that a 10 percent rise in the value of unreleased net...