We examine the bias involved in adopting inefficient reference states as the basis for appraising road investments. User benefits from highway schemes are estimated with respect to both unpriced networks and ones subject to marginal cost (congestion) pricing on all links. We show from the...

We extend the analysis of papers I and II to explore theoretically and numerically within a multi-modal equilibrium framework the contributions of different response mechanisms to the benefit derived from highway and public transport investments. These include on the demand side modal...

At the beginning of the third millennium, underdevelopment and poverty continue to remain critical problems on a global scale. The purpose of this volume is to explore the various ways in which the institutions of the global economy might rise to the challenges posed by the twin goals of...

This book presents a critical analysis of the role of international institutions and their performance in terms of justification, effectiveness and efficiency. The authors begin by discussing the controversies surrounding the Tobin Tax in the context of global governance. They move on to address...