For decades, pension systems were based on the rising revenue generated by an expanding population (demographic dividend). As changes in fertility and longevity created new population structures, however, the dividend disappeared, but pension systems failed to adapt. They are kept solvent by...

Volume 1A: The global demography of aging : facts, explanations, future / D.E. Bloom, D.L. Luca -- Macroeconomics, aging, and growth / R. Lee -- Migration and the demographic shift / A. Zaiceva, K.F. Zimmerman -- Global demographic trends : consumption, saving, and international capital flows /...