A multi-activity DEA model for the joint determination of efficiencies with variable returns to scale is developed in this paper. The model contains an element of complexity that is not present in the previous DEA models for estimating returns to scale. It is found that apparent overall...

In this paper we analyse the ratings given in 1993 to the main Spanish banks, both private and governmental. We use 24 financial ratios obtained from the balance and the profit and loss accounts. Multidimensional scaling (MDS), a multivariate technique which is intuitive and robust to the data,...