this comparative study of industrial management, the different directions taken by reform in the German Democratic Republic … Communist parties. The resulting data made possible new interpretations of enterprise management in Eastern Europe …

life-long study of the problems of the socialist system to his explanation of why inherent attributes of socialism … between two types, or historical phases, of socialism. The "classical socialism" of Stalin, Mao, and their followers is … Tito, KNBdar, Deng-Xiaoping, and Gorbachev, "reform socialism" relaxes repression, but brings about a sharpening of inner …

provides an objective record of socialism's promises and performance 1820-2022, identifies a feasible path forward and provides … corporatism, and European democratic socialism. It investigates the theoretical and practical complexities of command …-planning, reform communism, market communism, worker economic management and egalitarianism. It examines communism as an engine of …

the Soviet example, they all went on to "build socialism" according to a Stalinist template and were initially dedicated …