been met by in–flows of cross–border workers and, to a lesser extent, immigration. Unemployment has remained low compared …

We examine the dynamic phenomenon of unemployment as a constantly changing inventory of unemployed individuals. We … unemployment. Multicointegration, introduced by Granger and Lee (1989), offers a natural way to model the level of unemployment as … an inventory. We find that there is multicointegration between inflows into and outflows from unemployment and the level …

After steady employment growth since the 1990s, Spain has experienced the sharpest increase in unemployment among OECD … permanent contracts has resulted in a rigid dual market with adverse effects on unemployment and productivity. The collective … explaining very high unemployment among young workers. Better access of young people to training is an effective tool to keep …

, while focusing them more on low-skilled workers and the unemployed. Strengthening unemployment benefits, while limiting …

been met by in–flows of cross–border workers and, to a lesser extent, immigration. Unemployment has remained low compared …

model in which rural-urban migration adjust to produce a positive relation between unemployment and wages across regions and … sectors, wages and unemployment are inversely related by the "wage curve". 7) Unions affect non-wage outcomes as well as wage …