If railway companies ask for station capacity numbers, their underlying question is in fact one about the platformability of extra trains. Train platformability depends not only on the infrastructure, buffer times, and the desired departure and arrival times of the trains, but also on route...

This paper extends to economics of the constructal theory of generation of shape and structure in natural flow systems that connect one point to a finite size area or volume. By invoking the principle of cost minimization in the transport of goods between a point and an area, it is possible to...