With increasing sophistication, economists have been estimating gravity equations for five decades. Robust evidence … shows that borders and distance impede trade by much more than tariffs or transports costs can explain. We therefore …

This chapter focuses on the estimation and interpretation of gravity equations for bilateral trade. This necessarily …

The paper assesses the trade-creating impact of foreign-born residents on the international imports and exports of the … French regions where they are settled. The pro-trade effect of immigrants is investigated along two intertwined dimensions …: the complexity of traded goods and the quality of institutions in partner countries. The trade-enhancing impact of …

across countrywide boundaries as transnational or global enterprises. Global trade is considered by the open flow of human … and economic resources particularly in the developed economies of European Union (EU), the North American Free Trade …

that are active across country borders, we focus on international trade and multinational enterprise activity as conduits … spillovers through trade and foreign direct investment, the discussion guided by a model of foreign direct investment, trade, and … endogenous technology transfer. There is evidence for technology spillovers from both international trade and the activity of …

A major role for per-capita income in international trade, as opposed to simply country size, was persuasively advanced … by Linder (1961). Yet this crucial element of Linder’s story was abandon by most later trade economists in favor of the … phenomenon as growing wage gaps, the mystery of the missing trade, home bias in consumption, and the role of intra-country income …