We analyse the determinants of opposition to biotechnology and pharmaceutical patents granted by the European Patent Office between 1978–96. Opposition can be considered an early form of patent validity challenge suit. In our sample, 8.6% of the patents are attacked in opposition proceedings....

Part 1: Why Flat Structures Work at All -- Chapter 1: What does it mean to move towards a “flatter” structure? -- Chapter 2: What managers can effectively and efficiently delegate -- Chapter 3: Why would employees ever assume extra work in a decentralized organization? -- Part 2: What...