This paper constructs and tests the robustness of consistently measured poverty trends in the Islamic Republic of Iran after 2008, using international poverty lines based on U.S. dollars at 2011 purchasing power parity. The constructed estimates reveal three distinct periods of welfare in the...

In the last three decades, revolutionary Iran has experienced large shocks to its political and economic system with likely effects on poverty, inequality, and economic mobility. While poverty has declined, inequality has remained relatively high and stable over nearly four decades. In this...

This paper develops a competitive theory of the recent history of the oil market. We show that the supply curve for oil is backward bending, and that the presence of multiple equilibria explains better than cartel theories the behavior of the principal participants in this market. We study some...