"Most countries do not use one single type of housing subsidy but combine many of them. Le Blanc provides operational criteria that allow evaluation of systems of housing subsidies, both at the individual program level and at the aggregate (country) level. He examines the public finance...

[eng] Female Labour Supply and Child Care . . We estimate a model of the decision by mothers of young children to use paid child care services and to work (participation and working hours : half-time , 80 %, full-time ), using French microeconomic data . Our research suggests that the cost of...

[fre] Comment les aides au logement affectent-elles les loyers? . . Près d'un locataire sur deux perçoit en France une aide au logement. La théorie économique prédit que l'introduction d'une aide personnelle au locataire peut avoir pour effet d'augmenter la demande agrégée de logement, et...

[ger] Wirtschaftliche Auswirkungen des zinslosen Darlehens . . Um die Auswirkungen des zinslosen Darlehens auf die Nachfrage nach Wohnungseigentum zu messen, wird ein Modell mit Daten aus den Insee-Erhebungen Wohnen . 1996 und Vermögen 1997 geschätzt (diese Schätzung bezieht sich auf die...

[fre] Les effets de l'existence du parc HLM sur le profil de consommation des ménages.. Les HLM représentent une part de plus en plusi importante de l'ensemble du parc locatif. Ils se distinguent par des logements plus grands et plus récents, à dominante urbaine plus accentuée, et...

The purpose of this paper is to study hospital costs in the event of introduction of a Prospective Payment System in France. We use a nested three dimensional database (stays-hospitals-years) to identify hospital unobservable heterogeneity and a transitory moral hazard component of cost...

In this paper we analyze a household's decision to invest in informal (illegal) housing in developing countries. Using a simple model of housing supply, we show that the difference in the rates of return on housing investment in the formal and informal sectors reflects the additional risk...

This article analyses some effects of the French upfront subsidy to homeownership called Prêt à Taux Zéro (PTZ) introduced in 1996. The PTZ can be viewed as a downpayment subsidy to low and middle-income first-time buyers. The effects of the subsidy are modelled by simulating the introduction...

This paper estimates the relationship between average rainfall and population density in Sub-Saharan Africa in order to assess the consequences of climate and demographic changes in terms of future water stress in that region. Geographic Information System (GIS) data on density and rainfall and...