mitigation measures, such as carbon prices applied to bunker fuels in the range of 10 to 50 USD/ton of carbon dioxide, might … increase maritime transport costs by 0.4 percent to 16 percent. However, this would only marginally increase the import prices …

that limited short-term costs have resulted from the strengthening of trade relations between South Africa and China. As …-specific linkages between prices in China and South Africa. …

distortive advertising. Buyers read advertising, screen for quality of each good, choose prices optimally and provide a numeraire …

, prices and balance of payments. A few counterfactual simulations relating to stepping-up public investment in infrastructure …

We investigate theoretically and empirically the competitive effects of increased trade on prices, productivity and … and significant impact on sectoral prices. Increased openness lowers prices by both reducing markups and raising … productivity rises in a manner that increases over time. Our estimates suggest that EU manufacturing prices fell by 2 …

, meaning that the overall effect of rising concentration has been to lower prices. We suggest the difference is due to the …