This paper estimates the effects of trade liberalization on plant productivity. In contrast to previous studies, we … distinguish between productivity gains arising from lower tariffs on final goods relative to those on intermediate inputs. Lower … output tariffs can produce productivity gains by inducing tougher import competition whereas cheaper imported inputs can …

A large class of models with CES utility and iceberg trade costs are now known to generate isomorphic “gravity …” variable and the elasticity of trade with respect to true ad valorem “trade costs.” In this paper, we offer three potential … (σ), can be estimated precisely – even without observable true ad valorem trade-cost measures – using exporter …

FDI inflows on corruption is stronger than the impact of trade openness and tariff rates on corruption and is validated by … addition to trade intensity and the average tariff level, including dependence on natural resources, ethnic fractionalization …

general-equilibrium mapping from tariffs to household inequality measures. This also yields predictions for linkages between … tariffs, development level, and observed household inequality. Working with a new dataset, we then examine cross … of trade. Regression results suggest that import protection makes income distribution worse for countries in labour …

export markets and the duration of trade. The density of telecoms networks and the reliability of electricity supply stand … enforcement, liberalisation of FDI, strengthen pro-competitive regulation of network services, and eliminate tariffs. It is …

Import tariffs tend to be higher for final goods than for inputs, a phenomenon commonly referred to as tariff … escalation. Yet neoclassical trade theory - and modern Ricardian trade models, in particular - predict that welfare …-maximizing tariffs are uniform across sectors. We show that tariff escalation can be rationalized on efficiency grounds in the presence …

trade barriers on the equilibrium diffusion of a cost-saving technology. It is shown that even when ad-valorem tariffs have …We integrate trade policy into an open-economy model of technology adoption to investigate the impact of alternate …, tariffication (i.e., the conversion of quotas to ad-valorem tariffs) can lead to faster technology adoption world-wide. …

estimate the impact of national borders on global and regional trade flows. Results show that difficulties faced by developing … protection implied when crossing a border fell from 180% to 89% for this same sample. While tariffs still have an influence on … trade patterns, they do not seem to explain an important part of the border effect. Last, our theory-based measure offers a …

This paper assesses the effects of reducing tariffs under the Doha Round on market access for developing countries. It … coverage or complex rules of origin. Thus lowering tariffs under the multilateral system is likely to lead to a net increase in …