provided by the Furman and Gregg decisions and assess the relationship between execution and homicide rates in state panel data … since 1934. We then revisit the existing instrumental variables approaches and assess two recent state-specific execution … cannot be reliably disentangled from the large year-to-year changes in the homicide rate caused by other factors. As such …

tradeoff between deterrence and law enforcement. In a forward-looking perspective, lawmakers must decide which aim carries more …

new empirical evidence generally supports the deterrence model but shows that incapacitation influences crime rates, too … deterrence and incapacitation. Empirical economists have made less progress in studying the criminal justice system itself. Data …

costs of imposing fines; general enforcement; marginal deterrence; the principal-agent relationship; settlements; self …