The objective of this article was to describe and illustrate a comprehensive approach for estimating clinically important differences (CIDs) in health-related quality-of-life (HR-QOL). A literature review and pilot study were conducted to determine whether effect size-based benchmarks are...

A game-theoretic approach to the investigation of arbitrage opportunities based on combinations of exotic wagers for the same event is described. This situation is also known as a 'lock' or 'Dutch Book'. The technique is applied to recent totalizator data from Australian thoroughbred races. It...