I examine the impact of age within grade on victimization in elementary school in 17 countries. Identification relies on the instrumental variables approach drawing on school entry age rules. The results indicate that children are harmed by being the youngest.

In Germany, students are streamed at age ten into an academic or non-academic track. We demonstrate that the randomly allocated disadvantage of being born just before as opposed to just after the cutoff date for school entry leads to substantially different schooling experiences. Relatively...

Summary This paper investigates the role of early life adversity and home resources in terms of competence formation and school achievement based on data from an epidemiological cohort study following 364 children from birth to adolescence. Results indicate that organic and psychosocial risks...

This paper investigates the role of early life adversity and home resources in terms of competence formation and school achievement based on data from an epidemiological cohort study following 364 children from birth to adolescence. Results indicate that organic and psychosocial risks present in...

We analyse the determinants of dropout from secondary and vocational education in Germany using data on 17- to 21-year-olds from the Socio-Economic Panel from 2000 to 2007. Beyond the role of classical variables like family background and school achievements, we examine the effect of...