China’s photovoltaic industry developed sharply, and now it is the only country whose production covers the installed. Since R&D policy and deployment policy of China’s PV industry should not increase its production, this paper focuses on impact of investment policy, regarded as subsidy, on...

This paper investigates how changes in industries funding costs affect total factor productivity (TFP) growth. Based on panel regressions using data for U.S. and Canadian industries and industries dependence on external funding as an identification mechanism, we show that increases in the cost...

Using panel data for 15 industrial countries, active labor market policies (ALMPs) are shown to have a positive effect on employment rates, after controlling for institutional variables and country-specific effects. Among such policies, direct subsidies for job creation were the most effective....