The paper deals with the observability problem in traffic networks, including route, origin–destination and link flows, based on number plate scanning and link flow observations. A revision of the main observability concepts and methods is done using a small network. Starting with the full...

For a probabilistic discrete choice model with independent reversed Gumbel distributed random costs, closed form expressions for the choice probabilities are known under the assumption that the variance is the same for all choice alternatives. This assumption is highly disputable in many cases...