Energy access remains one of the forgotten millennium development goals, despite being a key ingredient to sustained and equitable socio-economic growth and development. This article looks at the energy poverty nexus in the Middle East and North Africa, a region frequently overlooked in the...

This article outlines the core features of a particular, resource-led development model, the oil-rich guardian state. Its key distinguishing feature from other resource-rich economies consists in its strong economic welfare objective function, which in line with its exceptional oil wealth...