We argue analytically that many commonly used models of pollution-generating technologies, which treat pollution as a freely disposable input or as a weakly disposable and null-joint output, may generate unacceptable implications for the trade-offs among inputs, outputs, and pollution. We show...

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to measure technical efficiency of Indian thermal power sector employing the recent by-production approach. Design/methodology/approach: The by-production approach is used in conjunction with data from the Central Electricity Authority (CEA) of India to...

Starrett (1972) [33] and Boyd and Conley (1997) [7] approaches to externality modeling are unified by distinguishing between producible and nonproducible public commodities. Nonconvexities are associated with detrimental producible public commodities but not with nonproducible public commodities...