Self-employment becomes more and more current as an opportunity for realizing a flexible employment in the conditions of limited employers’ demand. In Bulgaria it has a well recognized economic and social significance for maintaining certain levels of employment, as well as a way out of the...

This paper builds a world atlas of child penalties in employment based on micro data from 134 countries. The estimation of child penalties is based on pseudo-event studies of first child birth using cross-sectional data. The pseudo-event studies are validated against true event studies using...

This paper investigates whether the effects of children on the labor market outcomes of women relative to men -- child penalties -- are shaped by the work behavior of peers' parents during adolescence. Leveraging quasi-random variation in the fraction of peers with working parents across cohorts...