Elephant seals are known from long-term behavioral studies to be highly polygynous and to show high variance in reproductive success among males. However, genetic studies have determined that the level of polygyny varies between the closely related northern and southern elephant seals. In the...

Different theoretical perspectives ask different questions about state behavior in international negotiations. For example, are governments moved by domestic political pressures? Are transnational networks influencing state behavior? Or do international regimes affect state decisions? However,...

Previous models of ratifier effects have relied on restrictive assumptions regarding the dimensionality of the choice space and the preferences and rationality of actors. These assumptions can lead to an underestimation of the importance of ratifiers and a mischaracterization of their role. A...

The year 2015 will be a landmark year for international climate change negotiations. Governments have agreed to adopt a universal legal agreement on climate change at the 21st Conference of Parties (COP21) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in Paris in 2015....

This paper discusses a specific part of sustainable transport policy, namely policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the transport sector. We explain how assessments of such policies will overestimate their effectiveness if market responses are not taken into account. The substantial...

<Para ID="Par1">Because issues associated with climate change are historically unprecedented and thus policymakers do not have a prior distribution over possible outcomes, the usual theoretical approach based on governments maximizing expected utility may not be suitable for analysing climate policy choice....</para>

The US is currently the second biggest emitter of greenhouse gases in the world and one of the highest ranked countries in terms of per capita emissions. Along with other major economies, it will have to cut emissions much more sharply if the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)...

With its population of over 1.2 billion and vulnerability to climate change, its history of low emissions and because of its democratic, cultural, political and scientific strengths, India is a key player in the global climate change debate. It has been playing an increasingly constructive role...