worse health outcomes and lower academic achievement in adulthood. Can early-life medical care and public health … interventions ameliorate these effects? Recent research suggests that both types of interventions may benefit not only child health …

This Element reviews what we know about parental investments and children's human capital in low …-to-middle-income countries (LMICs). First, it presents definitions and a simple analytical framework; then discusses determinants of children …'s human capital in the form of cognitive skills, socioemotional skills and physical and mental health; then reviews estimates …