The English East India Company was one of the most powerful and enduring organizations in history. Between Monopoly and Free Trade locates the source of that success in the innovative policy by which the Company's Court of Directors granted employees the right to pursue their own commercial...

Chartered companies, the organizational precursors to modern multinationals, acted as the primary vehicles behind the expansion of European political and economic hegemony, and were thus central to the creation of modern global political and economic institutions, and international trade and...

We find that the enforcement of noncompete clauses significantly impedes entrepreneurship and employment growth. Based on a panel of metropolitan areas in the United States from 1993 to 2002, our results indicate that, relative to states that enforce noncompete covenants, an increase in the...