There are many stories of democracy but little consensus over which variables robustly determine its emergence and … million regressions. The most robust determinants of the transition to democracy are GDP growth (a negative effect), past … countries are less likely to see democracy emerge, although the latter finding is driven entirely by oil producing Muslim …

Do the services commitments that countries have made in their post-Uruguay Round regional trade agreements (RTAs …) indicate the types of concessions that they would be willing to multilateralise in the General Agreement on Trade in Services … general, and especially the specific commitments and concessions that countries make on trade in services. It examines in …

paralysis of the Doha Round, the proliferation of preferential trade agreement and the launching of mega-regional trade … negotiations have encouraged the debate about the governance of international trade. In contrast to a benign interpretation of the … relationship between ?XXI century regionalism? and the multilateral trade regime, we argue that there is a remarkable continuity …

, they cannot explain the post-1929 increase in trade costs. Protectionism seems the most likely alternative candidate. …

countries. We apply our model of foreign influence to the study of optimal trade policy. We derive a modified formula for the … relative to the influencing country and whenever natural trade barriers between the two countries are small. …

countries. We apply our model of foreign influence to the study of optimal trade policy. We derive a modified formula for the … relative to the influencing country and whenever natural trade barriers between the two countries are small. …

At least since 1750 when Baron de Montesquieu declared “peace is the natural effect of trade,” a number of economists … and political scientists espoused the notion that trade among nations leads to peace. Employing resources more efficiently … comparative advantage leads to gains from trade. If political conflict leads to a diminution of trade, then at least a portion of …

: 1) the World Trade Organization (WTO) and its predecessor the Generalized Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT); 2) the … indicate that OECD membership (but neither GATT/WTO nor IMF membership) has had a consistently large positive effect on trade. …This Paper estimates the effect on international trade of three multilateral organizations intended to increase trade …

The Doha multilateral round of trade negotiations sponsored by the WTO has been dragging on for over a decade, with no … end in sight. In this short paper we assess empirically what determines the duration of trade negotiations, focusing on … the span between the start of trade talks and their conclusion. We use data from 88 regional trade agreements between 1988 …