combining elements of markets and hierarchies. These hybrid forms are based on networked connections and bottom …

that organizing is not a synonym for hierarchy, management or markets, though they are all examples of organization …

economics study “provisioning”? or markets? or a method of reasoning, self-interested rational optimization? Design …/methodology/approach – A variety of scholars and others in many fields make use of a taxonomy of society consisting of three “spheres”: markets … is presented. Findings – The model is first used briefly to understand the historical development of markets. The model …

organization structures, and to define dynamic task processes in them. Generalizations about organizations and markets are …Organizations and markets are defined as sets of people who are connected together by the logical orders of decision … of value in the analysis of organizations and markets. The concept of the decision rule is used to define static …

Firm performance may be enhanced by linkages with academic institutions, other firms, and foreign markets that confer … knowledge spillovers as well as internal R&D that creates firm-specific knowledge. In particular, firm productivity and … enhanced firm productivity particularly from linkages with research institutions (RIs). Introduction of new products, processes …