being strictly proportional to size). The firm innovation output, as measured by patent numbers or innovative sales, rises …This paper studies the links between productivity, innovation and research at the firm level. We introduce three new … features: (i) A structural model that explains productivity by innovation output, and innovation output by research investment …

This chapter summarizes the basic characteristics of patent data as an innovation indicator and reviews some of the … recent research using patent data, focusing on major developments since Griliches in 1990 [Griliches, Z. (1990). “Patent … availability of patent data on an increasingly global scale and the accompanying global spread of research using patent data. The …

. Our evidence, which builds on a database that matches research institutions to a sample of their patent applications …, indicates patent applications to the European Patent Office (EPO) filed by research institutions grew faster than industry … patent applications remains low and their ratio of patents granted to applications is below that of industry. An econometric …

patent applications to the European Patent Office, with the top five (Tokyo, Seoul, San Francisco, Higashiosaka and Paris … technology patent applications are more concentrated in top cities than applications in other technology fields. In the United … States, which has led digital technology deployment, the concentration of patent applications in top cities increased more …

set of opportunities for innovation in agricultural biotechnologies. Moreover, the institutional, regulatory and …

This paper refines indicators to measure innovation in environment-related technologies, drawing on recent … methodological advances that allow a more accurate assessment of environment-related innovation in a broader range of countries and … policy studies. The indicators are based on patent data because they have a number of attractive properties compared to other …

Patent data provide an increasingly used means to analyse innovation performance worldwide including in countries with … patent data for measuring and analysing innovation in narrow technological fields, such as many environment …-related technologies. To improve cross-country comparability of patent statistics, the paper advocates the use of indicators based on …

China has surpassed the United States in patent applications and has become world leader. Strong patenting activity … by electronics manufacturers. State-owned firms spend more on R&D per patent, but hold fewer patents per researcher than … patent holders. Furthermore, the paper examines what drives patenting activity. Higher R&D spending by the firm and higher …

national incentives for patent protection? What is the rationale for international coordination over patent policies? Given …