Reactive nitrogen (N) flows (all forms of N except N2) are greatly increasing worldwide. This is mainly due to the ever larger use of inorganic N fertilizers used to sustain the growing food production. N flows have major impacts on water, air and soil quality as well as on biodiversity and...

Most conceptual models of catchment hydrology include algorithms for estimation of recharge to groundwater, which is then routed to stream base flow and/or deep regional groundwater. The majority of models attempt to simulate the process of percolation to groundwater from an overlying soil water...

Greater precipitation use efficiency (PUE) and economic returns by increasing cropping frequency through the addition of summer crops to the dryland winter wheat-fallow (WF) cropping system have been reported in the semiarid Central Great Plains of USA. However, due to the highly variable nature...

Conservation of soil water and restoration of vegetation have long been major subjects of concern on the northern Loess Plateau. Revegetation with species such as Korshinsk peashrub (KOP) and purple alfalfa (ALF), as well as with natural revegetation of fallow areas (NAF) have been used...

The FAO-56 soil water evaporation model is a simple ‘slab’ model that has been found to produce good estimates of evaporation from bare soil over a range of conditions due to its adherence to conservation of mass and energy. The simplicity of the model makes it straightforward to apply and...

Here, we present a mathematical model for simulating both soil water flow and salt transport in two directions (perpendicular and parallel to the drip tubing) under mulched drip irrigation with saline water. We evaluated the effectiveness of this model by comparing the simulated values with...

With the wide adoption of alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation for rice production, the water and nitrogen (N) fate in lowland paddy fields under AWD irrigation was needed to be investigated for assessing the water saving and environmental effects of AWD, compared to traditional...