When the Soviet <italic>kolkhozy</italic> and <italic>sovkhozy</italic> were converted, a large number of agricultural production co-operatives was created. Most of these co-operatives still exist in Russia and some of them have a strong market position, accounting for almost one-third of the aggregate volume produced by large...

The <italic>kolkhozy</italic> and <italic>sovkhozy</italic> that operated in the former Soviet Union have been converted into other organisational forms, among them agricultural production co-operatives. In some regions of Russia and in some types of production these co-operatives are strong. Since production co-operatives...

Studies show that the co-operatives that have been established by governmental officials in Russia have not been successful. This study seeks to explore whether the government decision makers are badly informed about the conditions for running co-operative enterprises. The study is based on...

Co-operative firms have been the subject of criticism by many economists, who base their arguments on property rights and agency theory: members do not control management, investments are short term, accumulated investments are below the economic optimum, etc. Nevertheless, many co-operative...