In this paper a new traffic flow model for congested arterial networks, named shockwave profile model (SPM), is presented. Taking advantage of the fact that traffic states within a congested link can be simplified as free-flow, saturated, and jammed conditions, SPM simulates traffic dynamics by...

For uninterrupted traffic flow, it is well-known that the fundamental diagram (FD) describes the relationship between traffic flow and density under steady state. For interrupted traffic flow on a signalized road, it has been recognized that the arterial fundamental diagram (AFD) is...

An integrated, clean, facile and ecologically friendly approach of biodiesel production from Eruca Sativa Gars (ESG) vegetable oil focused on lab scaling up was reported in this study. Transesterification of ESG oil was heterogeneously catalyzed by Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40 heteropolyacid salt. The...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to generate grinding trajectory of unknown model parts simply and efficiently. In this paper, a method of grinding trajectory generation of hybrid robot based on Cartesian space direct teaching technology is proposed. Design/methodology/approach This method...