This study applies ordinal confirmatory factor analysis for multiple groups to assess equivalence of scale, random errors and systematic (nonrandom) errors of attitudinal questions surveyed on rating scales under different survey modes (Face-to-Face [F2F], Telephone, Paper, and Web). Empirical...

Resource allocation is a relatively new research area in survey designs and has not been fully addressed in the literature. Recently, the declining participation rates and increasing survey costs have steered research interests towards resource planning. Survey organizations across the world are...

National statistical institutes generally apply design-based techniques like the generalized regression estimator to compile official statistics. These techniques, however, have relatively large design variances in the case of small sample sizes. In such cases, model based small area estimation...