higher marriage rates for women and lower for men. Land abundance favored higher fertility. The demands of childcare … opportunities outside the home. Frontier women were less likely to report "gainful employment," but among those who did, relatively … more had high-status occupations. Together, these findings integrate contrasting narratives about frontier women …

affects child welfare. Access to free or subsidized public childcare can increase women's labor force participation and …Engaging in paid work is generally difficult for women in developing countries. Many women work unpaid in family … countries, vocational training or grants for starting a business have been effective policy tools for supporting women's paid …

and youths. In the case of women, labour supply has risen steadily over time for prime-age and older individuals, against …

Statistics Directorate. The initiative aims to identify policy and programme solutions to promote women’s economic empowerment by … recognising, reducing and redistributing women’s unpaid care work. This paper presents new analysis of time use data and unpaid … on Women’s Economic Empowerment. Specifically, the recommendations focus on how to recognise unpaid care work by …

The chapter examines how the various dimensions of economic inequality between men and women are analyzed today. Beyond … the gender wage gap—a central issue—and of course the still far from equal sharing of housework, the chapter also reviews … large and comparable data sets or to conventional approaches that limit the possibilities to compare men and women. …

College-educated mothers spend substantially more time in intensive childcare than less educated mothers despite their … childcare more. We find that among all mothers, spending time in childcare is associated with higher positive feelings compared … negative feelings during intensive childcare than other mothers. Moreover, college-educated mothers report substantially fewer …

We provide the first systematic account of summer declines in women's labor market activity. From May to July, the … employment-to-population ratio among prime-age US women declines by 1.1 percentage points, whereas male employment rises; women …--and corresponding lapses in implicit childcare--provide a unifying explanation for these patterns. The summer drop in female employment …