temporary migrants already in the country as sources of permanent immigration. An overview of key results in the literature on …

whose populations comprise a substantial share of the children and grandchildren of immigrants. In addition to basic …

. Simultaneously, the development of services and the integration into global value chains have changed the composition of employment … youth unemployment are persistent and especially affect the lower-skilled. Skill and occupational mismatches of vocational … same time, regional differences in labour market performance have grown. Raising the low employment rate of women with …

nation’s potential output. Boosting employment prospects is also critical, as the country will soon be ageing at a fast pace …. Despite long working hours, labour utilisation is only average due to structurally low employment rates, particularly at both … ends of the age spectrum, with some marked regional differences. The female employment rate is especially low, in part due …

The current situation of the labour market integration of migrants in Germany has to be viewed in the light of its … immigration history. During the post-war economic boom, until 1973, Germany focused on the recruitment of low-skilled foreign … second generation of persons with an immigrant background. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, Germany received massive …

Norway’s foreign-born population has tripled since 2000, and the share of migrants among the population has seen one of … the largest increases across the OECD, mostly driven by labour migration from EU countries. Most migrants from non … integration of immigrants and their children, provides an assessment of these reforms and the remaining challenges. It includes an …

costs for educated women of having children. Policies, including access to affordable quality childcare countrywide, more …