Introduction -- Non-discrimination and regulatory purpose -- National treatment and most-favoured nation treatment in international trade and investment law -- The role of regulatory purpose in determining the appropriate comparator -- Less favourable treatment -- Conclusion

Resilience has gained significant prominence following the re-examination of the performance of the humanitarian and development aid systems in light of the two major food security crises in East and West Africa over the last two years, coupled with ongoing ‘post-2015’ negotiations on key...

When deciding whether a general rule is inconsistent with the law of the World Trade Organization (WTO), a distinction has been drawn between rules that 'mandate' violations of WTO law, and rules that provide the 'discretion' to violate WTO law. Measures that include a discretionary element...