Supervisory stress tests assess the impact of an adverse macroeconomic scenario on the profitability and capitalisation of a large number of banks. The results of such stress test exercises have recently been disclosed to the public in an attempt to restore confidence and to curb bank opaqueness...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate how markets in financial instruments directive (MiFID) and regulation national market system (Reg NMS) affect the competition for order flow among trading venues in, respectively, Europe and the USA. Design/methodology/approach – The paper...

In this paper we study the bid--ask spread of covered warrants, which are securitized derivatives also referred to as bank-issued options. We find that most of the factors affecting the size of the bid--ask spread for covered warrants are common to those affecting the bid--ask spread of regular...