threatened by immigration. Less attention is given to effects on prices of goods and services. The effect on childcare prices is …

The effects of childbirth on future labor market outcomes are a key issue for policy discussion. This paper implements … very strong negative employment effects which are causally due to childbirth. Although the employment loss is reduced over … the first five years following childbirth, it does not level off to zero. We find a significant reduction in the …

childcare. This trend has raised concerns, and an intense debate in several countries has focused on the effectiveness of … childcare policies. …

affects child welfare. Access to free or subsidized public childcare can increase women's labor force participation and …

conflicting, demands. Childcare policies play a crucial role in helping parents reconcile care and employment-related tasks. But … centre-based childcare in OECD countries taking into account a wide range of influences on household budgets, including fees … charged by childcare providers as well as childcare-related tax concessions and cash benefits available to parents. Building …

This paper examines the multigenerational impact of children and whether the public provision of formal childcare … earnings of mothers and employment of grandmothers. Studying a universal childcare program in Quebec, we find formal childcare … and the pre-policy supply of informal childcare by grandmothers …

work and family life. The evidence suggests that a return to paid work by mothers within six months after childbirth may …