Fundamental reform of traditional Japanese labour market practices is essential to cope with rapid population ageing and the era of 100-year lives. A shift to more flexible employment and wage systems based on performance rather than age would enable Japan to better utilise its human capital....

This paper shows that as the educational composition in the fifty-five to sixty-four year-old age bracket improved between the mid-1990s and the mid-2010s, the effective retirement age rose rapidly in the Central and Eastern European region. This increase was fast enough to keep life...

This report analyses in detail the implications of recent developments in Chile's labour market and social policy and considers the available policy options from the perspective of OECD countries’ experience. The report finds that Chile has enjoyed rising living standards over two decades of...

Against the background of population ageing pension debate has focussed for many years on the future increase of the so-called old-age dependency ratio, i.e. the number of older people against the number of people of working age. Incomprehensibly, this ratio is often misinterpreted as the ratio...

Many countries all over the world have been facing the problem of deteriorating demographics, forcing reforms of the pension system model as well as its main parameters. An important perspective of the assessment of the financial sustainability of a pension system is the division of current GDP...

This chapter explores the relationship between poverty and aging, in terms of its measurement and trends, as well as its alleviation, with particular attention to the most vulnerable individuals at each end of the age distribution. The measurement addresses both the definition of poverty and its...