This paper analyzes a prominent dimension of the initial policy response to the COVID-19 pandemic observed in many countries: the imposition of export restrictions and actions to facilitate imports. Weekly data on the use of trade policy instruments during the first seven months of the COVID-19...

To date, government procurement has been effectively carved out of the main multilateral rules of the WTO system. This paper examines the systemic and other ramifications of this exclusion, from both an economic and a legal point of view. In addition to relevant elements of the WTO Agreements,...

International conventions designed to combat global environmental problems -- known as Multilateral Environmental Agreements or MEAs -- often use trade measures, among other instruments. But in fact the term trade measures covers a variety of provisions, ranging from simple reporting...

A Theory of Regulatory Protection -- Introduction -- A Theory of Global Firms and Local Regulation -- Evidence -- Determinants of Regulatory Barriers to Trade -- Regulatory Preferences in the Chemical Industry -- Regulatory Preferences in the Food Industry -- Institutional Design -- The Design...