Indonesia has experienced two major forest and land fire events in the past five years. According to government data …, the 2015 and 2019 fire episodes led to the burning of around 2.6 million hectares and 1.6 million hectares,1 respectively … environmental sectors. Unlike the wildfires in boreal forests of North America, land-based fires in Indonesia are man-made. Fire …

Fire has been a part of India's landscape since time immemorial and can play a vital role in healthy forests, recycling … on forest resources have grown, the cycle of fire has spun out of balance. Large areas of degraded forest are now subject … areas, and fire seasons are growing longer due to a warming climate (Jolly et al 2015). With growing populations in and …