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Chapter 2. The Escape Clause in Trade Agreements

Beshkar, M.; Bond, E.W. - 2016

We provide a synthesis of the theoretical models that study the use of escape clauses, also known as safeguards, in multilateral and preferential trade agreements. We consider models that explain this type of flexibility based on economic efficiency, political economy shocks, and...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014023452

Chapter 1. The Empirical Landscape of Trade Policy

Bown, C.P.; Crowley, M.A. - In: Handbook of commercial policy : vol 1A-1B, (pp. 3-108). 2016

represented 83% of the world's population and 91% of the world's GDP in 2013. We address five questions: Do some countries have …, how liberalized is world trade? Our analysis documents the extent of cross-sectional heterogeneity in applied commercial … policy barriers remain as an important feature of the world economy. …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014023444

International standards and the WTO TBT Agreement : improving governance for regulatory alignment

Wijkström, Erik; McDaniels, Devin - 2013 - Manuscript date: 19 March 2013

The WTO TBT Agreement obliges governments to use international standards as a basis for regulation, yet leaves a degree of flexibility with respect to the choice of standard, and the manner of its use. This interplay between obligation and flexibility has given rise to tension in various fora of...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012882797

The import substitution trap in the realities of the automotive industry

Partsvaniya, V. R. - In: Studies on Russian economic development 33 (2022) 2, pp. 203-210

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013173011

Locating Global Advantage : Industry Dynamics in the International Economy

Abernathy, Frederick H. (contributor); … - 2004

What are the forces that are driving firms and industries to globalize their operations? This volume explores how specific industries have organized their global operations through case studies of seven manufacturing industries: garments and textiles, automobiles and auto parts, televisions,...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014477973

The value impact of bank bailouts during the financial crisis 2008

Schade, Katharina - 2016 - 1. edition

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012015374

Hidden protectionism? : evidence from non-tariff barriers to trade in the United States

Grundke, Robert; Moser, Christoph - 2014

Are product standards protectionism in disguise? This paper estimates the costs of non- compliance with U.S. product … does not prove) the existence of counter-cyclical, hidden protectionism due to non-tariff barriers to trade in the United …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010459208

Non-tariff measures in agriculture

Gourdon, Julien; Stone, Susan F.; Tongeren, Frank W. van - 2020

Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) provisions and Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) generally raise trade costs, but by providing a positive signal to consumers that enhances confidence in imported products they can also expand trade. This paper seeks to identify which specific elements of SPS and...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012432797

Chapter 4. Subsidies and Countervailing Duties

Lee, G.M. - 2016

existing terms-of-trade theory that offers an efficiency foundation for the market-access focus of the GATT rules. On the other …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014023450

Services Trade Restrictiveness Index (STRI): Transport and Courier Services

Grosso, Massimo Geloso; Nordås, Hildegunn Kyvik; Ueno, … - Trade and Agriculture Directorate, Organisation de … - 2014

This paper presents the services trade restrictiveness indices (STRIs) for transport and courier services. The STRIs are composite indices taking values between zero and one, zero representing an open market and one a market completely closed to foreign services providers. The indices are...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011277097