This paper illustrates the effect of market size on the decision of whether or not firms should vertically integrate or disintegrate. We use a model of two successive stages of production with Cournot competition in each stage. In this model, firms choose to specialize (either upstream or...

standards, and FLO-Cert company, which verifies the producers? and traders? compliance with these standards. This article shows that this system is only a partial solution to the two distinct forms of uncertainty consumers of Fair Trade products are faced with.

This paper illustrates the effect of market size on the decision of whether or not firms should vertically integrate or disintegrate. We use a model of two successive stages of production with Cournot competition in each stage. In this model, firms choose to specialize (either upstream or...