Dybvig, Philip H.; Ross, Stephen A. - 2003
positive linear pricing rule can be represented as using state prices, risk-neutral expectations, or a state-price density … preferences, and solving them for probabilities gives us beliefs. We look at two popular asset pricing models, the CAPM and the … APT, as well as complete-markets pricing. In the case of the CAPM, the first-order conditions link nicely to the …