Colonial Americans complained that gold and silver coins (specie) were chronically scarce. These coins could be acquired only through importation. Given unrestricted trade in specie, market arbitrage should have eliminated chronic scarcity. A model of efficient barter and local inside money is...

A transactions model of the demand for multiple media of exchange is developed. Some results are expected, and others are both new and surprising. There are both extensive and intensive margins to currency substitution, and inflation may affect the two margins differently, leading to subtle...

This paper explores the interaction between budget deficits and the demand for money. Within the framework of the variance decompositions and combined impulse response functions, the paper evaluates the validity of the Keynesian proposition and the Ricardian equivalence hypothesis. The results...

Global structural factors both monetary and real played a prominent role in the burst of the subprime crisis: 1) the so-called Bretton Woods II international monetary system; 2) the reduction of US real investment return compared with competing countries. We develop a two-country partial...

L'articolo discute la possibile introduzione di una moneta palestinese. L'attuale situazione consiste in una doppia unione monetaria con Israele e Giordania che comporta una serie di effetti di tipo macro e microeconomico. La parte centrale del saggio contiene una stima econometrica della...

The objective of this paper is to answer the following question: can the central bank of Egypt achieve the goal of price stability under the currently applied monetary targeting regime? The answer depends on whether or not the demand for money function is stable in Egypt. Using quarterly data on...

The Paper studies the implications of the zero lower bound on the short nominal rate of interest for the conduct of monetary policy in a small open economy with a floating exchange rate and perfect international capital mobility. Monetary policy affects aggregate demand through the real exchange...

In this paper, we examine the main measures taken by Morocco within the framework of the reform of monetary and financial structures. Also, we treat the impact of these measures on the financial wealth structure of householders and companies. So, our aim is to encircle the new behaviour...

The paper considers three methods for eliminating the zero lower bound on nominal interest rates and thus for restoring symmetry to domain over which the central bank can vary its policy rate. They are: (1) abolishing currency (which would also be a useful crime-fighting measure); (2) paying...

An examination of U.S. banking history shows that economically efficient private bank money requires that information-revealing securities markets for bank liabilities be closed. That is, banks are optimally opaque, which is why they are regulated and examined. I show this by examining the...