Import tariffs tend to be higher for final goods than for inputs, a phenomenon commonly referred to as tariff …-maximizing tariffs are uniform across sectors. We show that tariff escalation can be rationalized on efficiency grounds in the presence … up the chain for final-good tariffs, input tariffs may drive final-good producers to relocate abroad, mitigating their …

RTAs, access to up-to-date and consistent information on preferential tariffs is crucial. There are multiple databases that … collect information on preferential tariffs; however, it is not always easy to identify how these databases differ in terms of … identify which international or national database to use for their analysis of preferential tariffs on agricultural products. …