annum. The most substantial impact on inflation arises, however, from the role of lower markups in reducing the inflation … markups. Using disaggregated data for EU manufacturing over the period 1988-2000 we find increased openness exerts a negative … and significant impact on sectoral prices. Increased openness lowers prices by both reducing markups and raising …

networks. Starting with country-level data, we find that both producer price and consumer price inflation rates move more …

networks. Starting with country-level data, we find that both producer price and consumer price inflation rates move more …

-chain pressures eased, these firms were able to further increase markups due to the stickiness of inflation expectations. The …We document how supply-chain pressures, household inflation expectations, and firm pricing power interacted to induce … the pandemic-era surge in consumer price inflation in the euro area. Initially, supply-chain pressures increased inflation …