Les normes sont utilisées pour régir une part croissante du commerce alimentaire mondial. Les experts les considèrent à la fois comme des obstacles aux marchés et des opportunités pour les producteurs, exportateurs et travailleurs des pays à faibles revenus. Les bailleurs de fonds ont...

This article summarises the results of fieldwork carried out in 1997/8 season on post-liberalisation changes in the Tanzanian cotton sector. Developments in primary marketing, ginning and the export trade are reviewed on the basis of survey material. Market entry by private companies has been...

Summary The paper examines the revenue effects of certified organic contract farming for smallholders and of adoption of organic agricultural farming methods in a tropical African context. The comparison in both cases is with farming systems that are "organic by default." Survey data from a...

The ‘Africa Growth and Opportunity Act’ (AGOA) was signed into US law at the end of August 2000. Perhaps the most important provision of this version of the Act (AGOA I) was that it conferred duty-free status to clothing articles directly imported into the US from beneficiary countries,...